[1]
عَفَا , aor.
يَعْفُو, (S, Msb,) inf. n.
عَفَآءٌ (S, Msb,
K) and
عُفُوٌّ and
عَفْوٌ, (Msb, K,)
It was, or
became,
effaced, erased, rased, or
obliterated; (S, Msb, K;)
as also ↓
تعفّى: (K:) and
it, or
he, perished, came
to nought or
to an end, or
died. (S, TA.) One
says,
عَفَا الأَثَرُ The trace, vestige, or
footprint, was,
or
became, effaced, &c. (TA.) And [hence,]
عَفَا
أَثَرُهُ, inf. n.
عَفَآءٌ,
He perished, or
died. (K.) And
عَفَا
المَنْزِلُ, aor. as above. (S, Msb,) and so the inf. ns.
as in the first sentence, (Msb,)
the place of alighting, or
abode, was, or
became effaced, &c., (S,
Msb:) and
عَفَت الدَّارُ. aor.
تعْفُو, inf. a
عَفَآءٌ and
عُفُوٌّ [and
عَفْوٌ]: (TA;) and ↓
تَعَفَّت, (S, TA.) and
↓
عَفَّت also; (TA;)
The house, or
dwelling, or
abode, was, or
became, effaced, &c. (S, TA)
A'Obeyd cites, as an ex. of
العَفَآءُ signifying
the
being, or
becoming, effaced, &c., and
the perishing,
&c., the saying of Zuheyr, (S, TA.) mentioning
a dwelling, or an abode, (TA.)
تَحَمَّلُ أَهُلَهَا عَنْهَا فَبَانُوا
عَلَى آثَارِ مَا ذَهَبَ العَفَآءُ
[
Its occupants departed from it, and separated
themselves, or
removed far away; may the state
of that which is effaced, &c.,
be or
rest, upon the
traces of what has gone away; or the meaning
may be,
dust is upon the traces &c., (see
عَفَآءٌ as
a subst., below;) but it is not thus accord to
A 'Obeyd; for] he says, This is like their saying
عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَارُ as an imprecation against one expressing a prayer that he may go away and
not return.
(S, TA.) MF says that
عَفَا is one of those verbs
that have contr. significations, for at signifies
It
was, or
became, unapparent, or
imperceptible
and also
It was, or
became, apparent, or
perceptible: and it has two other contr. significations, which will be mentioned in what follows
(TA.) ―
2-b2- And
عَفْوٌ signifies also The act of
effacing, erasing, rasing, or
obliterating. (K,
TA.) One says,
عَفَتِ الرِّيحُ الأَثَرَ, (TA,) or
المَنْزِلَ, (S, Msb,) and
الدَّارَ, (TA,)
the wind
effaced, &c, (S, Msb, TA,)
the trace, vestige, or
footprint, (TA,) or
the place of alighting, or
abode, (S, Msb,) and
the house, or
dwelling, or
abode: (TA:) and in like manner,
عَفَّتِ ↓
الرِّيحُ
الدَّارَ, (S, TA,) inf. n.
تَعْفِيَةٌ, (TA,) in which the
verb is with teshdeed to denote intensiveness
[of the signification, i. e.
the wind effaced, &c.,
mightily, or
utterly, the house, or
dwelling, or
abode]: (S, TA:) and
عَفَّى ↓
عَلَى أَثَرِهِ It, or
he,
effaced its, or
his, trace, vestige, or
footprint.
(MA.) ―
2-b3- Hence, as some say,
عَفَا ٱللّٰهُ عَنْكَ i. e.
May God efface [
from thee thy sin, &c.; meaning
may God absolve thee]; (TA;) or
may God
efface thy sins: (Msb:) [and
عُفِىَ عَنْهُ May he
be absolved, or
forgiven, or
pardoned:] and hence
the saying in a trad.,
سَلُوا ٱللّٰهَ العَفْوَ i. e. [
Ask ye
of God]
the effacement of sin; [or
ask ye of God
absolution, or
forgiveness, or
pardon;] and ↓
المُعَافَاةَ,
and ↓
العَافِيَةَ [which have a similar meaning:
see 3]: (TA:) and one says,
عَفَوْتُ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ,
meaning
I left him, and did not punish him:
(S:) or
عَفَوْتُ عَنْهُ and
عَفَوْتُ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ and
عَفَوْتُ
لَهُ عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ i. e.
I turned away from him, or
from
his crime, sin, fault, or
offence; syn.
صَفَحْتُ عَنْهُ;
and
I turned away (
أَعْرَضْتُ)
from punishing him:
(Mgh:) or
العَفْوُ signifies
the turning away (
الصَّفْحُ,
K, TA) from the committer of a crime or the like;
(TA;) and
the relinquishing the punishment of
the deserving [
thereof]: and one says,
عَفَا عَنْهُ
and
عَفَا لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ and
عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ [
he turned away
from him, or
from his crime, &c; and
relinquished the infliction of his merited punishment,
i. e.
forgave him, or
pardoned him]: (K, TA:)
or
عَفَا عَنْهُ ذَنْبَهُ and
عَفَا لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ and
عَنْ ذَنْبِهِ: (so
accord. to the CK:) accord. to MF, the primary
signification of
العَفْوُ is
التَّرْكُ: but this is not the
case: and
الصَّفْحُ [by which it is expl. in the K]
is [or rather implies] the relinquishing of blame,
or reproof, or of severe, or angry, blame or
reproof; and this is more than [is signified by]
العَفْوُ, for the latter is sometimes without the
former: the primary signification of
العَفْوُ [when
trans.] is [said to be]
the purposing to take a
thing; and Er-Rághib says that
عَفَوْتُ عَنْكَ is as
though it meant
I have purposed to remove [or
to
take away]
thy crime or
the like: (TA:) [but I
think that the primary signification of
العَفْوُ when
its object is a crime or the like is that of
effacement: and hence likewise what next follows:] ―
2-b4-
العَفْوُ is also metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:)
The
withdrawing from a right, or due, and from seeking, or demanding, it: and thus the verb is used
in the Kur ii. 238 [q. v.]: and in the saying of
the Prophet,
عَفَوْنَا لَكُمْ عَنْ صَدَقَةِ الخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ
[i. e. (tropical:)
We have remitted to you the poor-rate of
horses and of the slave or
slaves]: (Mgh:) [and
hence]
عَفَوْتُ عَنِ الحَقِّ means (assumed tropical:)
I have annulled
[or
remitted]
the right, or
due; as though I erased
it from [the account of] him who owed it: (Msb:)
and
عَفَوْتُ لَهُ عَنْ مَا لِى عَلَيْهِ (assumed tropical:)
I have relinquished
[or
remitted]
to him what was due to me on his
part. (TA.) ＝
1-A2-
عَفَا signifies also
It was, or
became, much in quantity, or
many in number:
(Msb, MF, TA:) and also the contr., i. e.
It
was, or
became, little in quantity, or
few in number. (MF, TA.) It is said in the former sense
of hair, and of herbage, &c.: (S:) or, said of
hair,
It was, or
became, long, and much in quantity; (TA;) and said of the hair of a camel, (K,)
or of the hair of a camel's back, (TA,)
it became
abundant and long, and covered his rump; (K,
TA;) and said of herbage,
it was, or
became,
much in quantity, and tall. (TA.) And
عَفَوْا in
the Kur vii. 93 means
They became many, or
numerous. (S, Msb.) And
عَفَتِ الأَرْضُ The land
became covered with herbage. (K and TK. [In
the CK,
والارضَ is erroneously put for
وَالأَرْضُ.])
―
2-b2- And
عَفَوْتُهُ I made it to become much in quantity, or
many in number; as also ↓
أَعْفَيْتُهُ; (S, *
Msb, TA; *) and so ↓
عَفَّيْتُهُ. (TA.) Accord. to
Es-Sarakustee, one says,
عَفَوْتُ الشَّعَرَ, aor.
أَعْفُوهُ,
inf. n.
عَفْوٌ; and
عَفَيْتُهُ, aor.
أَعْفِيهِ, inf. n.
عَفَىٌ;
meaning
I left the hair to become abundant and
long. (Msb.) And one says,
اعفى ↓
اللِّحْيَةَ He
left the beard to become abundant and long, (Mgh,
K, TA,)
having ceased from cutting it: (Mgh:)
whence, (TA,) it is said in a trad.,
أَمَرَ أَنْ تُحْفَى
الشَّوَارِبُ وَتُعْفَى اللُّحَى [
He commanded that the
mustaches should be clipped closely, or
much, and
that the beards should be left to become abundant
and long]: (S, TA:) or
أَحْفُوا الشَّوَارِبَ وَأَعْفُوا
اللِّحَى [
Clip ye &c.], and one may also use the
unaugmented verb [saying
وَٱعْفُوا, from
عَفَا].
(Msb, TA.) And
أَعْفَيْتُ ↓
شَعَرَ البَعِيرِ, (K,) or
شَعَرَ ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ, (TA,)
I left the hair of the camel,
or
the hair of the back of the camel, to become
abundant and long; as also ↓
عَفَّيْتُهُ; (K, TA;)
this latter with teshdeed. (TA. [In the CK,
عَفَيْتُهُ.])
عَفَا الصُّوفَ, expl. in the K as signifying
He shore, or
sheared, the wool, signifies
he left
the wool to become abundant and long, then shore,
or
sheared, it. (TA.) ＝
1-A3- Also, inf. n.
عَفْوٌ,
i. q.
فَضَلَ or
superfluous; or
it remained over and above].
(Msb.) You say,
خُذْ مَا صَفَا وَعَفَا, [correctly,
مَا
عَفَا وَصَفَا,] meaning
فَضَلَ وَتَسَهَّلَ [i. e.
Take thou
what has exceeded, or
become redundant, and has
become facilitated]. (Mgh.) ―
2-b2- [And
He exceeded.] You say,
عَفَا عَلَيْهِ فِى العِلْمِ He exceeded
him in knowledge; syn.
زَادَ. (K.) And
هُوَ يَعْفُو
عَلَى مُنْيَةِ المُتَمَنِّى وَسُؤَالِ السَّائِلِ He exceeds, in
giving, the wish of the wisher and the petition of
the petitioner. (TA.) And
عَفَوْتُ لَهُ بِمَالِى I
exceeded to him [
what was incumbent on me]
with
my property, and gave him. (TA.) ―
2-b3- And
عَفَا,
aor.
يَعْفُو, signifies also [simply]
He gave. (TA.)
And ↓
اعفاهُ He gave to him, namely, one seeking,
or demanding, his beneficence. (Ham pp. 377
and 723.) And
اعفاهُ ↓
بِحَقِّهِ He gave to him
fully, or
wholly, his right, or
due. (Har p. 117.)
―
2-b4- And
عَفَوْتُ لَهُ مِنَ المَرَقِ I laded out for him
first, and gave to him in preference, some of the
broth. (S. [See
عِفَاوَةٌ.]) ―
2-b5- And
عَفَوْتُ القِدْرَ
I left in the bottom of the cooking-pot [
as a
gratuity for the lender thereof]
the last of the
broth, which is termed the عُفَاوَة. (S.) ＝
1-A4- And
عَفَوْتُ الرَّجُلَ I asked, or
petitioned, the man.
(Msb.) And
عَفَوْتُهُ and ↓
اِعْتَفَيْتُهُ I came to him
seeking, or
demanding, his beneficence: you say,
فُلَانٌ تَعْفُوهُ الأَضْيَافُ and ↓
تَعْتَفِيهِ [
Such a one,
guests come to him seeking, or
demanding, his
hospitality]. (S.) ―
2-b2- And
عَفَتِ الإِبِلُ المَرْعَى,
(K, TA,) aor.
تَعْفُوهُ, inf. n.
عَفْوٌ, (TA,)
The camels
took [or
cropped]
the pasture near by. (K, TA.) ＝
1-A5-
عَفَا المَآءُ The water was untrodden by what
would render it turbid. (S, K.)